Scaling and Root Planing
Scaling and root planing is a deep-cleaning treatment used to manage gum disease. It removes plaque, hardened calculus and harmful bacteria from beneath the gumline, including deposits attached to the root surfaces of the teeth.
Unlike a routine scale and polish, this treatment focuses on the deeper periodontal pockets that cannot be cleaned effectively with normal brushing or standard professional cleaning. The aim is to reduce inflammation, allow the gums to heal and help prevent further damage to the bone and tissues supporting the teeth.
Why might I need this treatment?
- Deep periodontal pockets around one or more teeth
- Bleeding, swollen or inflamed gums
- Calculus deposits below the gumline
- Bone loss caused by periodontal disease
- Persistent bad breath linked to gum infection
- Loose teeth or changes in tooth stability
- Gum disease that has not improved with routine cleaning alone
What is the difference between scaling and root planing?
Scaling removes plaque and calculus from the visible tooth surfaces and from beneath the gums. Root planing focuses more closely on cleaning the root surfaces inside deeper gum pockets.
Together, these procedures remove the deposits and bacteria that contribute to periodontal inflammation. The treatment may also be described as deep scaling, root surface debridement or subgingival cleaning.
What happens during treatment?
The treatment area will be carefully assessed before cleaning begins. A local anaesthetic may be used to numb the gums and keep you comfortable, particularly when deeper pockets or sensitive areas are being treated.
Specialist hand instruments and powered ultrasonic equipment are then used to clean beneath the gumline and along the root surfaces. The treatment may be completed in one appointment or divided into separate sections of the mouth, depending on the extent of the gum disease.
Will the treatment hurt?
Local anaesthetic can be used to reduce discomfort during the procedure. You may feel pressure, vibration or movement while the teeth are being cleaned, but you should not experience sharp pain.
After the anaesthetic wears off, the gums may feel tender, sensitive or slightly sore for a short time. Any discomfort is usually manageable and should gradually improve as the tissues begin to heal.
What can I expect afterwards?
It is normal to experience mild bleeding, tenderness, sensitivity or gum shrinkage after treatment. As swelling reduces, the teeth may appear slightly longer and spaces between them may become more noticeable.
This does not usually mean the treatment has damaged the gums. It often happens because inflamed and swollen tissue is settling and fitting more closely around the teeth.
When will my gums be reviewed?
Your gums need time to heal before the full response to treatment can be assessed. A periodontal review will usually be arranged after an appropriate healing period.
During this appointment, the gum pockets, bleeding levels and plaque control may be measured again. These results help determine whether the condition is becoming stable or whether selected areas require further treatment.
How can I support the treatment at home?
- Brush thoroughly twice each day with fluoride toothpaste
- Clean between the teeth using the recommended interdental brushes or floss
- Follow any personalised cleaning instructions provided
- Avoid smoking, as it can slow healing and increase periodontal risk
- Attend all recommended review and maintenance appointments
- Contact the practice if you experience severe pain, swelling or persistent bleeding
Can scaling and root planing cure gum disease?
The treatment can greatly reduce the bacteria and inflammation associated with periodontal disease, but it does not permanently remove the risk of the condition returning.
Long-term stability depends on effective daily cleaning, regular periodontal maintenance and controlling risk factors such as smoking and poorly controlled diabetes.
Creating a healthier foundation for your smile
Scaling and root planing is designed to protect the gums, supporting bone and natural teeth from further periodontal damage. With good home care and ongoing professional monitoring, it can play an important role in keeping your mouth healthier and your teeth more stable over time.